【定语从句例句】在英语学习中,定语从句是一个非常重要的语法点,用于修饰名词或代词,使句子更加具体和清晰。掌握定语从句的结构和用法,有助于提高阅读理解和写作能力。本文将对定语从句进行简要总结,并提供一些常见例句,帮助学习者更好地理解和运用这一语法结构。
一、定语从句简介
定语从句是指在句子中充当定语的从句,用来修饰前面的名词或代词(称为先行词)。定语从句通常由关系代词(如 who, whom, whose, which, that)或关系副词(如 when, where, why)引导。
定语从句的核心在于:
- 先行词是被修饰的对象;
- 关系词在从句中充当一定的语法成分;
- 从句不能单独成句,必须依附于主句。
二、常见关系词及其用法
| 关系词 | 用法说明 | 示例 |
| who | 指人,在从句中作主语或宾语 | The girl who is talking to Tom is my sister. |
| whom | 指人,在从句中作宾语 | The man whom you met yesterday is a doctor. |
| whose | 表示所属关系,指人或物 | The student whose book was lost is very upset. |
| which | 指物,在从句中作主语或宾语 | The book which I borrowed from the library is very interesting. |
| that | 指人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语 | The car that I bought last week is very fast. |
| when | 表时间,在从句中作时间状语 | I still remember the day when we first met. |
| where | 表地点,在从句中作地点状语 | This is the house where I grew up. |
| why | 表原因,在从句中作原因状语 | That’s the reason why he left early. |
三、定语从句的分类
1. 限制性定语从句
用于限定先行词的范围,若去掉从句,句子意思不完整。
- 例句:The man who is standing there is my teacher.
2. 非限制性定语从句
对先行词进行补充说明,与主句之间有逗号隔开,去掉后不影响句子基本意义。
- 例句:My brother, who lives in Beijing, is coming to visit me.
四、定语从句的简化形式
在某些情况下,定语从句可以简化为分词短语或不定式结构,以使语言更简洁:
- 原句:The girl who is wearing a red dress is my friend.
- 简化:The girl wearing a red dress is my friend.
- 原句:The book which was written by a famous author is popular.
- 简化:The book written by a famous author is popular.
五、总结
定语从句是英语中不可或缺的语法结构,能够增强句子的表现力和逻辑性。通过掌握关系词的使用、从句的类型以及简化方式,学习者可以更灵活地运用定语从句,提升语言表达的准确性与自然度。
| 内容要点 | 说明 |
| 定语从句定义 | 修饰名词或代词的从句 |
| 关系词种类 | who, whom, whose, which, that, when, where, why |
| 从句类型 | 限制性 / 非限制性 |
| 简化方式 | 分词短语、不定式等 |
| 学习建议 | 多读多练,结合例句理解用法 |
希望以上内容能帮助你更好地掌握定语从句的用法!


